He didn’t allow foreigners and missionaries into the country. Prithvi Narayan Shah was strong nationalist and had strong determination to preserve and protect his kingdom. He referred Nepal as a yam in between two boulders (dui dhunga bicha ko tarul) on the basis of its location between two big countries, India and China. Before that Nepal was divided into many small kingdoms of 22 states (Baise Rajya) and 24 states (Chaubise Rajya. King Prithvi Narayan Shah founded modern Nepal in his unification process on December 21, 1768. The Terai is the northern limit of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. Then there is the flat area of the country of 25-40 kilometers stripe along the Indian border in South. Then in the south of inner Terai is Siwalik Hills or Churia Range which stands up to 1,500 meters. First, the inner Terai or ‘Dun’, a stripe of low valleys running East to West with an altitude of less than 500 meters. The Teraiīelow the Mahabharat range, the region is called the Terai which is subdivided in 3 sections. This region covers almost 64 percent of the total land area. This region ends at the lower Himalayan Range which crests at 1,500 to 3,000 meters. The altitude in hilly region varies from 800 to 4,877 meters with the variation in climate within the same region. They are:īelow the Great Himalayan range, there lies band of mountains called the Mahabharat range that mounts up to 4,877 meters. Nepal is home for 8 of the 10 highest peaks in the world exceeding an altitude of 8,000 meters. The altitude range of 4,877 meters to 8,848 meters is covered with snow throughout the year and this region covers 25% of total land of Nepal. The Himalayan range stretches all across the northern border of the country. The name ‘Himalaya’ is derived from Sanskrit words, hima meaning ‘snow’ and alaya meaning ‘dwelling place’. These ecological belts are intersected by the river system flowing from North to South. It is divided into three main physiographic regions: Himalayas, Hill and Terai, running horizontally from East to West. Nepal is mostly covered up by mountains (80% of total land), thus called mountainous country. The map of Nepal looks like somebody cut it out its shape with blunt knife leaving the jagged edges everywhere. Renjo La pass (5465 m), Cho La pass (5420 m), Kongma La (5535 m) Geologically, Nepal lies within the collision region of Indian subcontinent and Eurasia, residing in the central area of the Himalayan arc. Nepal is the 94 th largest nation in the world with a total area of 147,181 km 2. Nepal’s altitude ranges from about 200 meters (658 ft) in South to over 8,848 meters (29,028 ft) above sea-level in North. Its length runs 885 kilometers from East to West and breadth varies from 145 to 241 kilometers from North to South. Geographically, Nepal lies between 26° and 31°N latitudes and 80° and 89☎ longitudes. It has Tibet Autonomous Region of the People’s Republic of China on the North, Sikkim and West Bengal of India on the East, Bihar of India on the South and Uttar Pradesh of India on the West. Two gigantic countries frame Nepal from all four sides China in North and India in East, West and South, keeping it away from any sea or ocean. Nepal is a sovereign, independent land-linked country located in South Asian region.
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